Hyaluronic acid is a complex carbohydrate that is one of the most important constituents of joint fluid. Hyaluronic acid in the joint has the property of viscoelasticity that causes the joints to lubricate. This substance is produced in the joints from type B synoviocytes. Hyaluronic acid deficiency causes complications such as osteoarthritis.
Osteoarthritis involves the breakdown of articular cartilage and eventually the involvement of subcutaneous bone, which causes inflammation of the surrounding tissues and reduced mobility of the joints. This complication may affect any of the joints. The most common joints involved are the knee, arm, pelvis and spine. Preventing osteoarthritis, especially in younger patients, is always the first step in delaying surgery.